Membuat Service PHP Menggunakan Lumen Framework Part 7 Resource Relationship

Author: Ahmad Dikri Alpakih

Published: Sabtu, 14 Desember 2019

Tutorial ini melanjutkan project dari tutorial sebelum nya dengan nama ‘PHP Lumen
Authorization. Pada tutorial ini kita akan menambahkan fitur relationship antara model (tabel).
Tujuan praktek ini adalah untuk:

1. Memahami konsep relationship
2. Mampu implementasi fitur relationship

Prasyarat
Harus menyelesaikan dulu modul dengan judul ‘PHP Lumen Authorization’.
Endpoint Untuk Public User
Untuk public user bisa melakukan Read All dan Read Detail. Untuk mengakomodir kebutuhan
ini kita akan membuat routes dan controller baru.

Method : GET
Endpoint : /pubic/posts
File: app/Http/Controllers/PublicController/PostsController.php

Method : GET
Endpoint : /public/post/{postID}
File: app/Http/Controllers/PublicController/PostsController.php

Menambahkan Fungsi Public Read
Untuk menambahkan fungsi public read all, mari kita ikuti langkah-langkah berikut ini:
1. Buka file routes/web.php, tambahkan code dibawah ini:

$router->get('/public/posts', 'PublicController\PostController@index');

$router->get('/public/post/{id}', 'PublicController\PostController@show');

2. Buat file controller baru dengan nama
app/Http/Controllers/PublicController/PostsController.php, kemudian tambahkan code
dibawah ini:

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers\PublicController;

use App\Models\Post;

use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;

class PostController extends Controller

{

public function index()

{

$post = Post::with('user')->OrderBy("id", "DESC")->paginate(10)->toArray();

if (!$post) {

\abort(404);

}

$output = [

"total_count"=>$post["total"],

"limit"=>$post["per_page"],

"pagination"=>[

"next_page"=>$post["next_page_url"],

"current_page"=>$post["current_page"]

],

"data"=>$post["data"]

];

return response()->json($output, 200);

}

public function show($id)

{

$post = Post::with(['user'=>function ($q) {

$q->select('id','name');

}])->find($id);

if (!$post) {

\abort(404);

}

return response()->json($post, 200);

}

}

3. Buka file app/Models/Post.php, tambahkan code dibawah ini sebelum penutup Class:

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Post extends Model

{

protected $table ='posts';

protected $fillable = array('title','content','status','user_id');

public function user()

{

return $this->belongsTo(User::class);

}

}

4. Buka file app/Models/User.php, tambahkan code dibawah ini sebelum penutup Class:

public function posts()

{

return $this->hasMany(Post::class);

}

5. Buka url ​http://localhost:8000/public/posts?page=1​ di postman:

6. Buka url ​http://localhost:8000/public/post/{ID} di postman:

Tantangan

Untuk menambah keahlian kita, mari kita ikuti tantangan dibawah ini:

1. Implementasi fitur comment

2. User bisa memberikan komentar pada salah satu post

3. Jadi perlu menyediakan minimal 2 endpoint:

- Endpoint untuk create comment

- Endpoint untuk get comment based on post. List komentar nya harus

mengandung object user

4. Gunakan konsep relationship

1. Buat migrasi / tabel baru dengan nama comments

Langkahnya : php artisan make:migration create_comments_table

<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;

use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateCommentsTable extends Migration

{

/**

* Run the migrations.

*

* @return void

*/

public function up()

{

Schema::create('comments', function (Blueprint $table) {

$table->increments('id');

$table->integer('post_id')->unsigned()->foreign('post_id')->references('id')->on('posts')->onDelete('cascade')->onUpdate('cascade');

$table->integer('user_id')->unsigned()->foreign('user_id')->references('id')->on('users')->onDelete('cascade')->onUpdate('cascade');

$table->string('comment')->nullable();

$table->timestamps();

});

}

/**

* Reverse the migrations.

*

* @return void

*/

public function down()

{

Schema::dropIfExists('comments');

}

}

Lalu buat modelnya : 

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Comment extends Model

{

/**

* The attributes that are mass assignable.

*

* @var array

*/

protected $fillable = [

'post_id', 'comment','user_id',

];

public function posts()

{

return $this->belongsTo(Post::class);

}

public function user()

{

return $this->belongsTo(User::class);

}

}

Buat CommentController untuk membuat comment, list comment dan comment by id: 

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\Comment;

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;

use Laravel\Lumen\Routing\Controller;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class CommentController extends Controller

{

public function index()

{

$comment = Comment::OrderBy("id", "DESC")->paginate(10)->toArray();

if (!$comment) {

\abort(404);

}

$output = [

"total_count"=>$comment["total"],

"limit"=>$comment["per_page"],

"pagination"=>[

"next_page"=>$comment["next_page_url"],

"current_page"=>$comment["current_page"]

],

"data"=>$comment["data"]

];

return response()->json($output, 200);

}

public function show($id)

{

$comment = Comment::find($id);

if (!$comment) {

\abort(404);

}

return response()->json($comment, 200);

}

public function store(Request $request)

{

$input = $request->all();

$comment = Comment::create([

"post_id"=>$input['post_id'],

"user_id"=>Auth::user()->id,

"comment"=>$input['comment']

]);

return response()->json($comment, 200);

}

}

Lalu pada public controller rubah PostController menjadi seperti dibawah :

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers\PublicController;

use App\Models\Post;

use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;

class PostController extends Controller

{

public function index()

{

$post = Post::with(['comment'=>function ($q) {

$q->with(['user']);

}])->OrderBy("id", "DESC")->paginate(10)->toArray();

if (!$post) {

\abort(404);

}

$output = [

"total_count"=>$post["total"],

"limit"=>$post["per_page"],

"pagination"=>[

"next_page"=>$post["next_page_url"],

"current_page"=>$post["current_page"]

],

"data"=>$post["data"]

];

return response()->json($output, 200);

}

public function show($id)

{

$post = Post::with(['comment'=>function ($q) {

$q->with(['user']);

}])->find($id);

if (!$post) {

\abort(404);

}

return response()->json($post, 200);

}

}

Tambahkan juga relasi di model post nya dengan model comment : 

public function comment()

{

return $this->hasMany(Comment::class);

}

Tambahkan di route nya untuk CommentController dan PublicController post nya : 

Route::group(['middleware'=>['auth']], function ($router) {

$router->get('/posts', 'PostController@index');

$router->post('/post', 'PostController@store');

$router->get('/post/{id}', 'PostController@show');

$router->put('/post/{id}', 'PostController@update');

$router->delete('/post/{id}', 'PostController@delete');

$router->get('/comments', 'CommentController@index');

$router->get('/comment/{id}', 'CommentController@show');

$router->post('/comment', 'CommentController@store');

});

$router->get('/public/posts', 'PublicController\PostController@index');

$router->get('/public/post/{id}', 'PublicController\PostController@show');

Selanjutnya tambahkan Login terlebih dahulu dan tambahkan comment ada salah satu postnya :

Dan check juga endpoint Pubic PostController

Akan muncul response comment nya.

Sekinan tutorial ini semoga bermanfaat.

Labels: PHP